Europe faces a striking paradox: it aspires to lead the global green transition but lacks control over the minerals that make it possible. Lithium, nickel,...
Europe’s industrial strategy faces a growing crisis of dependency. For decades, the continent relied on global markets for copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, rare earths, and...
Europe’s industrial strength was built in a world where globalisation promised limitless access to raw materials. Minerals flowed freely across borders, trade agreements multiplied, and...
Economic dominance in the twenty-first century will not be determined by software, platforms, or data alone. It will be anchored in something far more physical:...
A decisive global competition is unfolding—one that is not fought with weapons or trade tariffs, but with access to critical minerals. Lithium, copper, nickel, cobalt,...
Europe has spent more than a decade producing ambitious strategies for climate action, industrial renewal, digital transformation, and the circular economy. Yet in the domain...
For decades, Europe built its economic identity on a simple formula: innovation, regulation, high-value manufacturing, and environmental leadership. Advanced engineering, precision design, and ambitious climate...
For decades, Europe’s industrial strategy relied on a familiar recipe: innovation, regulation, open markets, and environmental leadership. This approach worked well in an era when...
Europe’s green transition is often hailed as a triumph of technology, policy, and environmental leadership. Yet beneath this narrative lies a structural vulnerability: heavy dependence...
Europe’s industrial landscape has been relatively stable for decades. Germany dominates automotive manufacturing, France leads in aerospace, Italy excels in machinery, Scandinavia champions renewable energy,...