Category : Europe

Europe’s drive for critical minerals security is no longer only about geology, policy, or industrial strategy. It is fundamentally a question of finance. Mines, refineries,...

Europe faces a historic challenge: building strategic mines for lithium, rare earths, copper, nickel, cobalt, and other essential metals—while maintaining democratic legitimacy, environmental stewardship, and...

Europe’s critical minerals strategy does not exist in isolation. It operates in a global arena where power, industry, and security are increasingly defined not by...

Europe now has a law, targets, and urgency. The Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA) is one of the most consequential pieces of industrial legislation in...

Europe is not just debating where and how to mine—it is actively shaping how mining should evolve technologically. The European Investment Bank’s (EIB) €500 million...

Europe’s drive for strategic autonomy and critical raw materials security increasingly clashes with local community priorities. In the Czech Republic, opposition to new mining projects...