The European Union (EU) has long been recognized as a formidable regulatory entity, shaping global norms through the strength of its internal market. However, in...

The landscape of industrial policy in the European Union is increasingly influenced by global commodity traders, who play a pivotal role in shaping supply chains...

The European Union’s recognition of critical raw materials as a strategic vulnerability is underscored by the introduction of the Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA). However,...

In the context of the European Union’s evolving critical raw materials strategy, mining associations have emerged as influential entities that significantly impact the regulation, financing,...