India has launched an accelerated national exploration drive for lithium and rare earths, focusing on Karnataka, Rajasthan and other high-potential regions, marking a decisive shift in its critical-minerals strategy. Long dependent on imports, New Delhi is now moving to establish a domestic resource base capable of underpinning its electric-vehicle expansion, power-grid upgrades and electronics manufacturing growth.
The programme, led by the Geological Survey of India (GSI) in partnership with state mineral agencies, combines airborne geophysical surveys, hyperspectral imaging and advanced geochemical sampling. Target areas include granitic pegmatite belts and alkaline intrusive complexes, where early data points to encouraging lithium signatures and rare-earth-rich carbonatite systems. These initial results have prompted higher drilling allocations and the introduction of fast-track exploration licensing.
This exploration push aligns with India’s broader industrial and supply-chain security agenda. Rapid growth in EVs, batteries and high-tech manufacturing will require reliable access to lithium, rare earths and associated critical materials. By advancing early-stage exploration, India aims to curb long-term import exposure and position itself as an attractive destination for global mining companies and technology partners.
Regulatory changes are supporting this momentum. The government has revised mineral-auction frameworks, simplified approvals for reconnaissance and prospecting permits, and widened the scope for private-sector participation in exploration. At the same time, authorities stress environmental safeguards and community consultation to reduce social and governance risks as activity intensifies.
While commercial production remains some years away, the scale and speed of India’s exploration campaign signal a clear strategic intent. If discoveries translate into viable projects, India could evolve from a mineral importer into a credible player in global lithium and rare-earth supply chains, reinforcing its ambitions in clean energy and advanced manufacturing.
